What is a colposcopy?

A colposcopy is an exam that looks closely at the cells of the cervix, vagina, and/or vulva by using a special magnifying instrument. A colposcopy is typically recommended by your medical provider if the results of your recent Pap smear and/or pelvic exam were abnormal. The colposcopy can help diagnose the following diseases or conditions:

  1. Genital warts
  2. Inflammation of the cervix aka cervicitis
  3. Non-cancerous growths aka polyps on the cervix or in the vaginal canal
  4. Precancer cells on the cervix, vagina, and/or vulva
  5. Cancer of the cervix, vagina, or vulva

Are there any risks with getting the colposcopy procedure done?

Fortunately, the colposcopy procedure is very safe and associated with minimal risks. However, potential complications to look for, especially if a tissue biopsy was performed during the colposcopy, including the following:

  1. Heavy cervical or vaginal bleeding
  2. Infection
  3. Pelvic pain
  4. Abdominal pain
  5. Burning sensation or discomfort of the cervix
  6. Fever and/or chills

If you experience any of the above symptoms during or after the procedure, please notify your medical provider immediately.

What should I expect during the colposcopy?

The colposcopy procedure typically takes 10 to 20 minutes to complete. A speculum will be placed in your vagina to hold open the walls of your vagina. The colposcope will be placed a few inches away from your vulva.

Next, your cervix and vagina will be swabbed with cotton swab to clear away any additional discharge or mucus. A solution of vinegar will be applied to the cervix and vagina with another cotton swab, which can cause burning or tingling. The use of the vinegar solution is necessary to highlight areas of abnormal cells. If the medical provider locates a suspicious area, a biopsy or small sample of tissue may be taken and sent to the lab for testing.

What should I expect after the colposcopy?

After the colposcopy procedure is completed, you may return to your normal activity without restrictions if a biopsy was NOT performed. You may experience some spotting or very light vaginal bleeding for 24 to 48 hours. However, if a biopsy was performed during the colposcopy, then you may experience the following signs and symptoms:

  1. Vaginal or vular pain for 24 to 48 hours
  2. Light vaginal bleeding for 24 to 72 hours
  3. Dark vaginal discharge for

If you experience vaginal bleeding or discharge, you may use a panty liner or pad. However, avoid tampons, douching, and vaginal intercourse for a week after your biopsy, or longer if instructed by the medical provider.